Trump is calling for $20 billion in federal funding to allow poor children at low-performing public schools to enroll in charter and private schools. This increases parents’ choice over the kind of education their kids receive.   Trump only spoke about education in broad terms so specific policy changes are unknown.  He is also calling for a downsizing of the education department.

His nominee for Secretary of Education, head the US Department of Education, is Betsy DeVos. She is an advocate of charter schools and "school choice," which many believe will make our education system more unequal. This position requires Senate confirmation.

https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/answer-sheet/wp/2016/11/27/whats-the-worst-that-could-happen-with-betsy-devos-as-education-secretary-two-scenarios/?utm_term=.c246a7f7e8fb

http://www.forbes.com/sites/opportunitylives/2016/11/28/five-ways-betsy-devos-could-become-a-transformative-education-secretary/#1bfc59eb63a8